Spurred on, research on palm oil cake is an alternative substitute for imported feed ingredients
JAKARTA : The Directorate General of Livestock and Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture (Ditjen PKH Kementan) encourages the establishment of a triple helix collaboration between researchers, the government and the business world. This step is to produce applicable and solutive innovations in accordance with industrial needs and to be able to foster competitiveness, including in the feed industry which is the backbone of the supply of animal protein for the community.
Secretary to the Director General of PKH who is also Plt. Director of Feed drh. Makmun, M.Sc appreciates the initiation of IPB University and PT Buana Karya Noveltindo for conducting ongoing research to obtain Palm Kernel Meal (PKM) of good quality and worthy of being a functional feed ingredient, a source of energy and protein.
"The PKH Directorate General hopes that the synergy between the government and research institutions and business actors can continue to be built and get closer to mutually supporting the process of providing quality local feed ingredients in particular and the development of livestock and animal health in general," said Makmun in his remarks at the panel discussion " Reviewing the Innovation of Processed Palm Kernel Meal (Palmofeed) as an Alternative Feed Source of Energy and Protein" at the Santika Hotel, Bogor, through a written statement, Tuesday
In producing the main poultry feed, feed ingredients are the biggest cost component which reaches 85% of the total production cost. This is one of the problems in the supply of competitive poultry feed, namely Indonesia is still dependent on imported feed ingredients for around 35%, especially imported protein sources such as soybean meal (soybean meal), corn gluten meal, meat bone meal and premix. This dependence on imported feed ingredients will lead to aspects of uncertainty.
"Therefore we must have strategies and policies to minimize the impact of this uncertainty," added Makmun.
Import data of Plant-Originated Feed Materials (BPAT) from , shows the relative volume of imports of protein-sourced feedstuffs has increased in 2020 to 84%, which was originally 57.30% in 2015 or in 5 years it has increased by 26.7%.
As for energy sources, the development of local corn has succeeded in reducing dependence on imported feed ingredients for energy sources. In Indonesia, corn is the second main food commodity after rice. The feed industry is one of the largest consumers of corn in Indonesia, in line with the growth in feed production.
The recent dynamics in the poultry sector have highlighted the soaring prices of several main poultry feed ingredients. As we know, corn and soybean meal are the main energy and protein feed ingredients in poultry feed formulations. In fact, about 75% of the composition of poultry feed ingredients consists of these two ingredients.
The increase in the domestic price of corn in the first quarter of 2021, which was accompanied by an increase in the price of soybean meal since August 2020, has driven up domestic feed prices. Relying on imported feedstuffs to substitute corn is also experiencing problems because international maize and wheat prices have recently increased very sharply.
Therefore, optimizing the utilization of locally based feed ingredients is a necessity. For information, Indonesia is the largest palm oil producer in the world with an estimated planting area of 14.99 million hectares.
From this area, it is estimated that it will produce Crude Palm Oil (CPO) of 49.12 million tonnes and palm kernel or palm kernel of 9.82 million tonnes. The potential of this vast area of oil palm can actually be optimized for the development of the livestock sub-sector in Indonesia.
For ruminants, for example, the development of a cattle-palm integration system can be a model for supplying beef to Indonesia, which is currently not completely free from dependence on beef and feeder cattle imports. For the provision of feed for ruminants and poultry, oil palm has great potential in producing palm kernel meal (PKM).
With palm kernel production of 9.8 million tonnes, Indonesia has the potential to produce PKM of 4.42 million tonnes/year. PKM is a high fiber feed ingredient of 14-27.7% with moderate protein quality of 13.5-19.4%. Therefore PKM is suitable for ruminant feed.
In addition to ruminant animal feed, PKM can also be used in the poultry feed industry, although it has limiting factors, namely high shell and crude fiber contaminants. However, with a touch of technology and innovation, increased synergy between the government, universities/research institutions and business actors, these problems can be overcome.
"The Directorate General of PKH hopes that in the future the PKM innovation will make functional feed ingredients Indonesia's leading source of energy and protein so that they can substitute energy and protein sources from imports," concluded Makmu n.
On the same occasion, Chancellor of IPB University Prof. Dr. Arif Satria, SP, MSi also appreciated the role of the IPB University Faculty of Animal Husbandry and the team that carried out the PKM research. Arif said that currently the price of feed is still very dependent on the producer. He explained that if feed had experienced self-sufficiency, the industry would improve.
Currently, the government is providing matching funds and assistance to innovators and industry. Industries that make breakthroughs and innovations will receive tax breaks. Feed development is not only for poultry and ruminants, but also for fisheries.
In line with Arif Satria, a researcher from the Faculty of Animal Husbandry of IPB University, Prof. Dr. Nahrowi, MSc stated, currently the feed industry in Indonesia is faced with the dynamics of the availability of seasonal and unsustainable feed raw materials. The solution to these dynamics includes the use of palm kernel meal (PKM) as a functional feed ingredient, a source of energy and protein.
PKM is a by-product of the palm oil processing industry with very high availability in Indonesia, the results of PKM processing known as Palmofed have nutritional content, namely max 12% water content, max 6% ash, 16% min crude protein, 12% max crude fat , crude fiber max 14%, GE min 4 kcal, Shell max 7%.
The recommendations for use for broilers are 5-7%, layers 10%, pigs 10%, and fish 10%. PKM production also knows no season, the production is sustainable. "Unlike corn, soybean meal and others, palm oil cake is not seasonal, has many sources and has been established," concluded Nahrowi.kbc11
